The difference between internal and external respiration

[merehan]

Gas exchange in the respiratory tract is a mechanism in the body that continuously replenishes oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, which is essential for survival

The process of gas exchange in the respiratory system
The process of gas exchange in the respiratory system follows the following stages and steps:

1. Inhale
Inspiration means entering the air through the mouth or nose, then moving to the pharynx or throat through the larynx until it reaches the trachea in the lungs.

2. Air travel from the trachea to the bronchioles
The trachea branches into a right bronchi and a left bronchus, and both branches into small bronchi called bronchioles that end in air sacs, which swell when a person inhales air and empty when the exhalation process occurs, which is the process of pushing air out of the lungs.

3. Air reaches the alveoli
The alveoli in the lungs are filled upon inhalation and the walls have capillaries, so that the walls of the alveoli share a membrane with the capillaries, which allows both oxygen and carbon dioxide to move freely between the respiratory system and the capillaries.

4. Gas exchange between the lungs and the blood
The alveoli are filled with oxygen on the one hand, and on the other hand, the red blood cells carry carbon dioxide through the capillaries, and here the oxygen molecules move from the alveoli to the blood through their association with the red blood cells that return to the heart, and at the same time the carbon dioxide molecules are eliminated in the blood through its transmission to the alveoli

5. Exhale
Exhalation means the release of carbon dioxide through the alveoli, out of the lungs, through the larynx and then the mouth.

Factors affecting gas exchange in the respiratory tract
There are many factors on which the spread of gases in the lungs depends, and they include the following:

1. Membrane thickness
The membrane in the normal position of the lungs is very thin, which accelerates the gas exchange process, but there are some cases in which the membrane is thicker, which impairs the gas exchange process, which are the following cases:
pulmonary edema

TRANSLATED FROM:
كوبال ف
بسكوبان اقراص
دكتور اوفر

[xshrug]

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